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The Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) is the police department of the City of
Los Angeles, California. With over 9,500 officers and 3,000 civilian staff, covering an
area of 473 square miles with a population of more than 3.5 million people, it is the
fifth largest law enforcement agency in the United States (trailing behind the New
York Police Department, Chicago Police Department, California Department of
Corrections, and FBI). The department is known world wide and has been heavily
fictionalized in numerous movies and television shows. It has also been involved in a
number of controversies, perhaps most notably the infamous Rodney King incident
and the subsequent 1992 Los Angeles riots.
Los Angeles, California. With over 9,500 officers and 3,000 civilian staff, covering an
area of 473 square miles with a population of more than 3.5 million people, it is the
fifth largest law enforcement agency in the United States (trailing behind the New
York Police Department, Chicago Police Department, California Department of
Corrections, and FBI). The department is known world wide and has been heavily
fictionalized in numerous movies and television shows. It has also been involved in a
number of controversies, perhaps most notably the infamous Rodney King incident
and the subsequent 1992 Los Angeles riots.
Downey is a city located in southeast Los Angeles County, California, United States,
21 km (13 miles) southeast of downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2000 census, the city
had a total population of 107,323.
Prior to the arrival of the Spanish in Alta California, the area that now comprises
Downey was inhabited by the Tongva ethnic group, which came to be called the
Gabrielino by the Spanish.
Spanish colonial history of the area today known as Downey dates back to 1771 with
the founding of the Mission San Gabriel Arcangel, a California State historical
landmark. The founding of the mission and mission lands establishes the birthplace
of the modern Los Angeles region.
In 1810, Don Antonio Lugo, received a grant to a tract of land of some 29,514 acres.
He named it Rancho San Antonio, after his birthplace, La Misión San Antonio de
Padua, in 1775.
Rancho San Antonio lay just north of Juan Jose Dominguez Rancho San Pedro, the
borderline approximately of today's Rosecrans Avenue in Compton, and ran north
parallel with and adjacent to, the pueblo de Los Angeles. The eastern boundary lay
somewhere along the ever changing Los Angeles River or as it was called the San
Gabriel River.
Lugo maintained a home in the pueblo de Los Angeles, near the plaza and across
from the church. He was alcalde (mayor) of Los Angeles, from 1816 to 1819, and a
leader in most of the social functions of the time. Antonio Lugo received a patent
from the United States government on July 24, 1847, which made him undisputed
owner of Rancho San Antonio.
After the Mexican-American war concluded in 1848, many of the Californio ranchos
were obtained by affluent Anglo-Americans who were immigrating west under the
United States manifest destiny doctrine, and marring into established Californio
Spanish families.
Downey was founded by and named for the former Civil War governor of California,
John Gately Downey, when he subdivided land he procured between the Rio Hondo
and the San Gabriel River. The Southern Pacific Railroad arrived in 1873, and
farmers in the area grew grain, corn, castor beans and fruit until around 1940.
Downey was incorporated in 1956, and instituted a charter form of government in
1964. Suburban homes and factories replaced the farms after World War II. The
largest employer was originally Vultee Aircraft, then North American Aviation, then
Rockwell Aerospace (later bought by the Boeing company) whose facilities produced
some of the systems for the Apollo Project as well as the space shuttle. The seventy
year history of airplane and space vehicle manufacturing in Downey came to an end
when the Rockwell plant closed in 1999. The former Rockwell plant has been
converted to the Downey Landing shopping complex, a hospital, a park, a space
museum and Downey Studios. For more information about the history of the Downey
NASA site refer to http://www.aerospacelegacyfoundation.org
Near the center of the city lies what was once one of the busiest intersections in the
world, the intersection of Lakewood Boulevard (State Route 19) and Firestone
Boulevard (former State Route 42). Route 19 was a major thoroughfare between
Pasadena, California and the port at Long Beach, California, and Route 42 was part
of the old Spanish Trail system that connected Los Angeles, California to San Diego,
California.
In the 1960s the town's Downey Records achieved a small notoriety with recordings
like The Chantays' surfing instrumental "Pipeline." Downey's two main public high
schools are named for Governor Downey and Governor (and later, Chief Justice)
Earl Warren.
Downey is home to Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, which is the
main public rehabilitation hospital for Los Angeles County. Rancho Los Amigos is
renowned worldwide for its innovative contributions to the care of spinal cord injuries
and post-polio syndrome.
Downey is located at 33°56′17″N, 118°7′51″W (33.938164, -118.130801).GR1
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 32.6 km²
(12.6 mi²). 32.2 km² (12.4 mi²) of it is land and 0.4 km² (0.2 mi²) of it (1.35%) is water.
The cities of South Gate and Bell Gardens are adjacent to the west and northwest,
Pico Rivera lies to the northeast, Santa Fe Springs and Norwalk to the east, and
Paramount and Bellflower are to the south.
The city can be conveniently reached by any of four freeways: Interstate 105 with its
Metro rail line passes through the southern part of the city, Interstate 5 and Interstate
605 pass along the eastern side, and Interstate 710 passes just west of the city.
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 107,323 people, 33,989 households, and
26,001 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,336.4/km² (8,641.7
/mi²). There were 34,759 housing units at an average density of 1,080.6/km² (2,798.8
/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 53.48% White, 3.75% Black or African
American, 0.87% Native American, 7.74% Asian, 0.22% Pacific Islander, 29.05% from
other races, and 4.89% from two or more races. 57.85% of the population were
Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 33,989 households out of which 41.8% had children under the age of 18
living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female
householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 19.1% of all
households were made up of individuals and 8.1% had someone living alone who
was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.11 and the average
family size was 3.55.
In the city the population was spread out with 29.2% under the age of 18, 9.8% from
18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 18.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years
of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were
94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $45,667, and the median income
for a family was $50,017. Males had a median income of $35,991 versus $28,768 for
females. The per capita income for the city was $18,197. About 9.3% of families and
11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under
age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.
21 km (13 miles) southeast of downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2000 census, the city
had a total population of 107,323.
Prior to the arrival of the Spanish in Alta California, the area that now comprises
Downey was inhabited by the Tongva ethnic group, which came to be called the
Gabrielino by the Spanish.
Spanish colonial history of the area today known as Downey dates back to 1771 with
the founding of the Mission San Gabriel Arcangel, a California State historical
landmark. The founding of the mission and mission lands establishes the birthplace
of the modern Los Angeles region.
In 1810, Don Antonio Lugo, received a grant to a tract of land of some 29,514 acres.
He named it Rancho San Antonio, after his birthplace, La Misión San Antonio de
Padua, in 1775.
Rancho San Antonio lay just north of Juan Jose Dominguez Rancho San Pedro, the
borderline approximately of today's Rosecrans Avenue in Compton, and ran north
parallel with and adjacent to, the pueblo de Los Angeles. The eastern boundary lay
somewhere along the ever changing Los Angeles River or as it was called the San
Gabriel River.
Lugo maintained a home in the pueblo de Los Angeles, near the plaza and across
from the church. He was alcalde (mayor) of Los Angeles, from 1816 to 1819, and a
leader in most of the social functions of the time. Antonio Lugo received a patent
from the United States government on July 24, 1847, which made him undisputed
owner of Rancho San Antonio.
After the Mexican-American war concluded in 1848, many of the Californio ranchos
were obtained by affluent Anglo-Americans who were immigrating west under the
United States manifest destiny doctrine, and marring into established Californio
Spanish families.
Downey was founded by and named for the former Civil War governor of California,
John Gately Downey, when he subdivided land he procured between the Rio Hondo
and the San Gabriel River. The Southern Pacific Railroad arrived in 1873, and
farmers in the area grew grain, corn, castor beans and fruit until around 1940.
Downey was incorporated in 1956, and instituted a charter form of government in
1964. Suburban homes and factories replaced the farms after World War II. The
largest employer was originally Vultee Aircraft, then North American Aviation, then
Rockwell Aerospace (later bought by the Boeing company) whose facilities produced
some of the systems for the Apollo Project as well as the space shuttle. The seventy
year history of airplane and space vehicle manufacturing in Downey came to an end
when the Rockwell plant closed in 1999. The former Rockwell plant has been
converted to the Downey Landing shopping complex, a hospital, a park, a space
museum and Downey Studios. For more information about the history of the Downey
NASA site refer to http://www.aerospacelegacyfoundation.org
Near the center of the city lies what was once one of the busiest intersections in the
world, the intersection of Lakewood Boulevard (State Route 19) and Firestone
Boulevard (former State Route 42). Route 19 was a major thoroughfare between
Pasadena, California and the port at Long Beach, California, and Route 42 was part
of the old Spanish Trail system that connected Los Angeles, California to San Diego,
California.
In the 1960s the town's Downey Records achieved a small notoriety with recordings
like The Chantays' surfing instrumental "Pipeline." Downey's two main public high
schools are named for Governor Downey and Governor (and later, Chief Justice)
Earl Warren.
Downey is home to Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, which is the
main public rehabilitation hospital for Los Angeles County. Rancho Los Amigos is
renowned worldwide for its innovative contributions to the care of spinal cord injuries
and post-polio syndrome.
Downey is located at 33°56′17″N, 118°7′51″W (33.938164, -118.130801).GR1
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 32.6 km²
(12.6 mi²). 32.2 km² (12.4 mi²) of it is land and 0.4 km² (0.2 mi²) of it (1.35%) is water.
The cities of South Gate and Bell Gardens are adjacent to the west and northwest,
Pico Rivera lies to the northeast, Santa Fe Springs and Norwalk to the east, and
Paramount and Bellflower are to the south.
The city can be conveniently reached by any of four freeways: Interstate 105 with its
Metro rail line passes through the southern part of the city, Interstate 5 and Interstate
605 pass along the eastern side, and Interstate 710 passes just west of the city.
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 107,323 people, 33,989 households, and
26,001 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,336.4/km² (8,641.7
/mi²). There were 34,759 housing units at an average density of 1,080.6/km² (2,798.8
/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 53.48% White, 3.75% Black or African
American, 0.87% Native American, 7.74% Asian, 0.22% Pacific Islander, 29.05% from
other races, and 4.89% from two or more races. 57.85% of the population were
Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 33,989 households out of which 41.8% had children under the age of 18
living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female
householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 19.1% of all
households were made up of individuals and 8.1% had someone living alone who
was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.11 and the average
family size was 3.55.
In the city the population was spread out with 29.2% under the age of 18, 9.8% from
18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 18.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years
of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were
94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $45,667, and the median income
for a family was $50,017. Males had a median income of $35,991 versus $28,768 for
females. The per capita income for the city was $18,197. About 9.3% of families and
11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under
age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.
About the Author
For thirty years, D. Clayton Mayes was a
professional law enforcement officer. He
began his career with the Los Angeles
Police Department in 1964. He worked as a
street cop, was promoted to investigator,
sergeant, lieutenant and captain. In 1990,
he retired from the LAPD to assume the
responsibilities of chief of police of the
Downey, (California) Police Department.
The author holds a bachelor's degree in
public management and a master's degree
in public administration from Pepperdine
University. He is also a graduate of the
FBI-National Academy in Quantico, Virginia.
As an educator, he has taught at Cerritos
College, College of the Desert and has
instructed throughout the United States for
the Federal Law Enforcement Training
Center and the U.S. Department of Justice,
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention. He served a total of six years in
the U.S. Army, Army Reserve, and the
For thirty years, D. Clayton Mayes was a
professional law enforcement officer. He
began his career with the Los Angeles
Police Department in 1964. He worked as a
street cop, was promoted to investigator,
sergeant, lieutenant and captain. In 1990,
he retired from the LAPD to assume the
responsibilities of chief of police of the
Downey, (California) Police Department.
The author holds a bachelor's degree in
public management and a master's degree
in public administration from Pepperdine
University. He is also a graduate of the
FBI-National Academy in Quantico, Virginia.
As an educator, he has taught at Cerritos
College, College of the Desert and has
instructed throughout the United States for
the Federal Law Enforcement Training
Center and the U.S. Department of Justice,
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention. He served a total of six years in
the U.S. Army, Army Reserve, and the
California National Guard where he attained the rank of captain.
Today Clayton lives in the Palm Springs, California, area with his wife,
Carolyn. Their two sons are grown. The author enjoys golf, tennis and flying.
He holds a commercial pilot certificate, with an instrument rating for both
single-engine and multi-engine aircraft.
Today Clayton lives in the Palm Springs, California, area with his wife,
Carolyn. Their two sons are grown. The author enjoys golf, tennis and flying.
He holds a commercial pilot certificate, with an instrument rating for both
single-engine and multi-engine aircraft.
